n-Pentane, Carbon Chemistry – Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

Link to Safety Data Sheet (PDF)

Quick Facts

• Product Name: n-Pentane
• Synonyms: Quintane
• CAS Number: 109-66-0
• Type: Solvent / Fuel
• Supplier: Carbon Chemistry Ltd.
• Address: 34501 E Quincy Ave Bldg 28, Watkins, CO 80137
• Phone: +1 (888) 446-8421
• Emergency Phone: CHEMTREC CCN832309 (800-424-9300, 24-hour)
• GHS Classification:
  
  • Flammable Liquid – Category 2
  • STOT (Single Exposure, Drowsiness/Dizziness) – Category 3
  • Aspiration Toxicity – Category 1
  • Aquatic Acute – Category 2
  • Aquatic Chronic – Category 2
• Signal Word: Danger
• NFPA Ratings: Health (2), Flammability (3), Physical Hazard (0)

Hazards & Safety

• Hazard Statements:
  
  • H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapor.
  • H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
  • H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways.
  • H401: Toxic to aquatic life.
  • H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects.
• Precautionary Statements:
  
  • Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames—no smoking.
  • Keep container tightly closed.
  • Ground and bond all containers and transfer equipment.
  • Use explosion-proof and non-sparking tools.
  • Avoid breathing vapors.
  • Use only outdoors or in well-ventilated areas.
  • Wear protective gloves, clothing, and eye protection.
  • Avoid release to the environment.
  • If inhaled, move to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
  • If swallowed, call a poison center immediately—do not induce vomiting.
• California Prop 65: Not listed.

First Aid Measures

• Inhalation: Move to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen. Seek medical attention if symptoms occur.
• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash thoroughly with soap and water. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
• Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention.
• Symptoms: May cause drowsiness or dizziness; aspiration hazard if swallowed.
• Note to Physicians: Treat symptomatically.

Fire & Explosion Data

• Flash Point: –49°C (–56°F)
• Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not available
• Extinguishing Media: Dry powder, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, or CO₂. Do not use water jet.
• Explosion Sensitivity: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
• Protective Gear: Firefighters should wear SCBA and full protective gear.
• Hazards: Extremely flammable; vapors heavier than air may travel and ignite at distant sources.

Handling & Storage

• Use explosion-proof equipment and ground all containers during transfer.
• Avoid contact with heat, sparks, or flames.
• Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from oxidizing agents.
• Keep drums upright with bungs in position.
• Specific End Use: Solvent, fuel.

Exposure & PPE

• Component: Pentane (CAS 109-66-0)
• Exposure Limits:
  
  • ACGIH: 600 ppm
  • OSHA: 1000 ppm (2950 mg/m³)
• Eyes: Safety glasses required.
• Skin: Protective gloves recommended.
• Respiratory: Use NIOSH-approved respirator if ventilation is inadequate.
• Body: Lab coat or protective overalls.

Physical & Chemical Properties

• Appearance: Colorless liquid
• Odor: Gasoline-like
• Physical State: Liquid
• Boiling Point: 35.9–36.3°C (96.6–97.3°F)
• Flash Point: –49°C (–56.2°F)
• Viscosity: 0.24 mPa·s at 20°C
• Specific Gravity: 0.641 g/mL (20°C)
• Solubility: Slightly soluble in water
• Vapor Pressure: High (volatile)
• Vapor Density: >1 (heavier than air)
• Flammability: Extremely flammable

Stability & Reactivity

• Stable under normal handling and storage conditions.
• Avoid heat, sparks, flames, and strong oxidizing agents.
• Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air.
• Decomposition produces carbon oxides.

Toxicology & Ecology

• Acute Toxicity:
  
  • LD₅₀ (oral, mouse): 5000 mg/kg
  • LD₅₀ (dermal, rabbit): 3000 mg/kg
  • LC₅₀ (inhalation, rat, 4h): 364,000 mg/m³
• Irritation: May cause skin and eye irritation.
• Sensitization: Not expected.
• Carcinogenicity: Not listed by OSHA, IARC, NTP, or CAL/OSHA.
• STOT (Single Exposure): May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
• Aspiration Hazard: May be fatal if swallowed.
• Aquatic Toxicity: EC₅₀ (Daphnia magna, 48h): 9.74 mg/L
• Persistence: Readily biodegradable (70% degradation in 192 hours).
• Bioaccumulation: Not known.

Transport & Disposal

• UN Number: UN1265
• Proper Shipping Name: Pentanes
• Hazard Class: 3 – Flammable Liquid
• Packing Group: II
• Marine Pollutant: Yes
• ERG Number: 128
• Disposal: Burn in an approved chemical incinerator with afterburner and scrubber. Dispose of according to local, state, and federal regulations.

Regulatory Status

• TSCA: All components listed on the U.S. TSCA Inventory.
• SARA 311/312: Fire and acute health hazards present.
• SARA 313: Not subject to reporting.
• CERCLA RQ: None.
• Clean Water Act: Not listed.
• Canadian DSL/NDSL: All components listed.
• California Prop 65: Not listed.
• WHMIS Classification: Hazardous, per WHMIS 2015.
• NFPA Ratings: Health (2), Flammability (3), Physical Hazard (0)